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TreesShrubsPerennial FlowersGrasses and SedgesVines
Trees
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 40-75′; Width at maturity: 20-50′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet,moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Jan-Mar; Apr-Jul
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 40-60′; Width at maturity: 40-60′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-May; Jun-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2018
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 60-80; Width at maturity: 25-60′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-Jun; Jun-Sep
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2018
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Drought sensitive
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 20-30′; Width at maturity: 15-25′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-Apr; Apr-Sep
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 8-35′; Width at maturity: 6-10′
Light requirement: part sun-shade; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-May; Aug-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host, berry/fruit producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Drought sensitive
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3-12′; Width at maturity: 2-6′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate,dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr–May; Jul–Sep
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host, berry/fruit producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Drought sensitive
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 40-80′; Width at maturity: 15-25′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-Apr; May-Jun
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host, seed/nut producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 15-35′; Width at maturity: 12-18′
Light requirement: sun-shade; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-Apr; Sep-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host, seed/nut producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Drought sensitive
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 60-80’+; Width at maturity: 25-35′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate,dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-May; Oct
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Good shade tree and handsome shape
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: to 100′; Width at maturity: to 70′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate,dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-May; Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 70-100’+; Width at maturity: 20-35′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate,dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-May; Oct
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 60-80’+; Width at maturity: 20-30′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate,dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-May; Oct
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 60-80′; Width at maturity: 40-60′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate,dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-May; Aug-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host, berry/fruit producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Best for natural areas, tolerates seasonal flooding
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 12-25′; Width at maturity: 8-15′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr–May; Aug–Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host, berry/fruit producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 10-25′; Width at maturity: 10-20′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-May; Jun-Nov
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 10-30′; Width at maturity: 10-20′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate,dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr–May; Jul–Sep
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2016
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Needs male pollinator
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 12-20′; Width at maturity: 8-15′
Light requirement: part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-May; Aug-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, larval host, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3-10′; Width at maturity: 3-6′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: May–Jun; Aug–Sep
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, larval host, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 25-30′; Width at maturity: 20-35′
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-Apr; Sep-Nov
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host, berry/fruit producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 20-35′; Width at maturity: 20-35′
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-Apr; Sep-Nov
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host, berry/fruit producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 50-70′; Width at maturity: 25-50′
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: moderate,dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-May; Sep-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Drought sensitive
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: to 70′; Width at maturity: 8-15’+
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr–Jun; Sep–Feb
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Needs male pollinator
Evergreen: yes
Height at maturity: 15-35′; Width at maturity: 3-12′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Jan-Mar; Sep-Feb
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2015
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Needs male pollinator
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 60-100’+; Width at maturity: 30-70′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr–May; Aug–Sep
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Fruits messy
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 70-130′; Width at maturity: 30-60′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr–Jun; Sep–Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Drought sensitive
Evergreen: yes
Height at maturity: 25-50’+; Width at maturity: 30-60′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: May–Jun; Sep–Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 20-60′; Width at maturity: 8-20′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-Jul; Jul-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2016
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Evergreen varieties
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 10-20′; Width at maturity: 8-15′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-May; Aug-Sep
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 30-100′; Width at maturity: 20-35′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-Jun; Aug-Oct
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2017
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 20-35’+; Width at maturity: 10-18′
Light requirement: sun-shade; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr–May; Aug–Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 15-60′; Width at maturity: 6-12′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Jun–Jul; Sep–Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Source of sourwood honey
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 70-100’+; Width at maturity: 40-60’+
Light requirement: part sun-sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr–May ; Sep–Nov
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Fast-growing
Evergreen: yes
Height at maturity: 50-100′; Width at maturity: 25-30′
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-Apr; Sep-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: yes
Height at maturity: 40-70′; Width at maturity: 20-35′
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-May; Sep-Nov
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: yes
Height at maturity: 40-70’+; Width at maturity: 25-40′
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar–Apr; Sep–Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 50-90′; Width at maturity: 20-30′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-May; Jul-Sep
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 25-30′; Width at maturity: 25-30′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-Apr; Jun-Aug
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host, berry/fruit producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2016
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Fruit edible
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: to 16′; Width at maturity: to 10′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-Apr; Mar-July
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host, berry/fruit producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Fruit edible
Evergreen: yes
Height at maturity: 20-40’+; Width at maturity: 12-25′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar–Apr; Sep–Oct+
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, larval host, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Seeds freely
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 50-100′; Width at maturity: 30-40’+
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr; Sep-Nov
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host, seed/nut producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 60-100′; Width at maturity: 30-60′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr; Sep-Nov
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host, seed/nut producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2018
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 60-80’+; Width at maturity: 30-45’+
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr; Sep-Nov
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host, seed/nut producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2015
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 60-80’+; Width at maturity: 30-45’+
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr; Sep-Nov
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host, seed/nut producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2015
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 50-80′; Width at maturity: 50-80′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr; Sep-Nov
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host, seed/nut producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2016
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 80-90′; Width at maturity: 30-60′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr; Sep-Nov
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host, seed/nut producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2016
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 80-100′; Width at maturity: 25-40′
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: wet
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-Apr
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 30-60′; Width at maturity: 12-25′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate-dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar–Apr; Jun–Jul
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2017
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Needs male pollinator
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 60-100′; Width at maturity:30-50′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Feb-Mar; Mar-Apr
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: May be susceptible to Dutch Elm disease
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 30-50′; Width at maturity: 20-40′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Feb-Mar; Mar-Apr
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: May be susceptible to Dutch Elm disease
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Shrubs
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 12-15′; Width at maturity: 12-15′
Light requirement: sun-part shade; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-May; Jul-Aug
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar, seed/nut producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 5-20′; Width at maturity: 4-10′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr–May; Jul–Aug
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar, seed/nut producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 8-15′; Width at maturity: 6-15′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Jan–Mar; Aug–Oct
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Colonial
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 10-20′; Width at maturity: 5-10′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-Apr; May-Jun
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Fruits can be damaged by rust fungus
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 20-40′; Width at maturity: 8-15′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-May; May-Aug
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2015
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Fruits can be damaged by rust fungus
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 5-10′; Width at maturity: 4-8′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar–May; Sep–Nov
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Colonial
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3-8′; Width at maturity: 3-6′
Light requirement: part sun-shade; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Jun-Jul; Aug-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 4-10′; Width at maturity: 4-12′
Light requirement: sun-shade; Soil Moisture: moderate,dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr–May; Aug–Sep
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar, seed/nut producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-3′; Width at maturity: 2-3′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: May-Jun; Jun-Jul
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2017
NC Wildflower of the Year: 2013
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 5-8′; Width at maturity: 3-6′
Light requirement: sun-shade; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Jun-Jul; Aug-Sep
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3-8′; Width at maturity: 4-6′
Light requirement: sun-part shade; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Jun-Aug; Sep-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar, seed/nut producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3-8′; Width at maturity: 3-5′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: May–Jun; Sep–Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 6-15′; Width at maturity: 6-10′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet,moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-Jun; Sep-Nov
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2015
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Needs male pollinator
Evergreen: yes
Height at maturity: 6-8′; Width at maturity: 3-6′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet,moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: May-Jun; Sep-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Needs male pollinator, drought sensitive
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 15-30′; Width at maturity: 8-15′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet,moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-May; Sep-Oct
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2018
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Needs male pollinator
Evergreen: yes
Height at maturity: 12-20′; Width at maturity: 6-12′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-May; Sep-Jan
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Needs male pollinator, dwarf forms available
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3-6′ ; Width at maturity: 3-10′
Light requirement: sun – shade; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: May-Jun
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar, seed/nut producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2015
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Colonial
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 4-15′; Width at maturity: 4-8′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr–Jul; Sep–Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 8-15′; Width at maturity: 6-15′
Light requirement: part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-Apr; Aug-Sep
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host, berry/fruit producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2015
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Needs male pollinator
Evergreen: yes
Height at maturity: 8-30′; Width at maturity: 10-25′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr; Aug-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Needs male pollinator
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 5-10′; Width at maturity: 4-8′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-May; Sep-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 6-12′; Width at maturity: 6-10′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: May–Jul; Sep–Oct
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2016
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 5-10′; Width at maturity: 4-8′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-Jun; Sep-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2017
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Drought sensitive
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3-8′; Width at maturity: 5-8′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: May-Jun; Jun-Sep
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Drought sensitive
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 8-15′; Width at maturity: 3-5′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet
Flowering / fruit dates: Jun-Jul; Jul-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 4- 5′; Width at maturity: 3-4′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-May; Sep-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2017
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: to 20′ ; Width at maturity: 12-20′
Light requirement: sun-part shade; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: May-Jul; Jun-Oct
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Colonial, best for natural areas, needs male pollinator
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 5-15′; Width at maturity: 6-12′
Light requirement: sun-part shade; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: May-Jul; Jun-Oct
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Colonial, best for natural areas, needs male pollinator
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-3′; Width at maturity: 3-4′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: May–Jun; Aug–Oct
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Has sharp thorns, makes good wildlife thicket
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3-5′; Width at maturity: 3-6′
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: May–Jul; Sep–Oct+
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Has sharp thorns, makes good wildlife thicket
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 6-12′; Width at maturity: 6-12′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-Jul; Jul-Aug
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Needs more than one genetic strain for fruit set
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 8-15′; Width at maturity: 4-10′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-Jun; Sep-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2018
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3-12′; Width at maturity: 3-10′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr–May; Jul–Aug
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2018
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Edible fruit
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3-4′; Width at maturity: 2-3′
Light requirement: part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-Jun; Aug-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2018
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: to 8′; Width at maturity: 6-8′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-Apr; May-Jun
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2018
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Edible fruit
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 8-18′; Width at maturity: 6 -15′
Light requirement: sun-shade; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-Apr; Sep-Oct
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2018
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Needs more than one genetic strain for fruit set
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 6-12′; Width at maturity: 4-10′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-Apr; Jul-Sep
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2017
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Needs more than one genetic strain for fruit set
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3-6′; Width at maturity: 3-6′
Light requirement: part sun-shade; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: May; Aug-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Needs more than one genetic strain for fruit set
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 6-12′; Width at maturity: 4-15′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-May; Aug-Oct
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2018
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Needs more than one genetic strain for fruit set
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3-5′; Width at maturity: 3′
Light requirement: part sun-shade; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr–May; Jun–Jul
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Needs more than one genetic strain for fruit set
Perennial Flowers
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3′; Width at maturity: to 3′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr; Aug–Sep
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: 2006
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-3′; Width at maturity: 8-12″
Light requirement: part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-May; Apr-Aug
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar, seed/nut producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2018
NC Wildflower of the Year: 1987
Special notes: Self-sows readily
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-4′; Width at maturity: to 2′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Jul–Sep; Aug–Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: 2005
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-3′; Width at maturity: to 2′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: May–Aug; Aug–Sep
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: 1985
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3-4′; Width at maturity: 3′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: May-Jul; Jun-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-3′; Width at maturity: 2′
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-May; Jun-Aug
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: 1992
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-3′; Width at maturity: 2-3′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-Jun; Jul-Nov
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 6-12″; Width at maturity: 12-18″
Light requirement: part sun-shade; Soil Moisture: moderate-dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-Jun;Apr-Jul
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2018
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-3′; Width at maturity: 3′
Light requirement: sun-part shade; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Jul-Oct; Aug-Nov
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Colonial, spreads rapidly
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-2′; Width at maturity: to 12″
Light requirement: sun -part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: May–Jul; Jul-Oct
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2015
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3-18″; Width at maturity: 12-16″
Light requirement: sun -part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-Jul
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2016
NC Wildflower of the Year: 1991
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-4′; Width at maturity: 1-2′
Light requirement: sun -part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Jun-Sep
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2017
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-3′; Width at maturity: 1-2′
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: May-Aug
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Will naturalize
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-2′; Width at maturity: 1-2′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Aug-Oct
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Self-seeds, short-lived
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-4′; Width at maturity: 18-24″
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Jun-Aug
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2015
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3-6′; Width at maturity: 3-4′
Light requirement: sun-part shade; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Jul-Sep
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: 2003
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 5-10′; Width at maturity: 3-4′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Jul-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host,nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: 2017
Special notes: Dwarf form available
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-2′; Width at maturity: 12-18″
Light requirement: part sun-shade; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Aug-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2017
NC Wildflower of the Year: 2008
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1.5-6′; Width at maturity: 1-3′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Jul–Oct; Sep–Nov
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3-6′; Width at maturity: 1-3′
Light requirement: part sun-part shade; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Jun-Sep
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 5-9′; Width at maturity: 3-4′
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: wet,moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Sep-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2018
NC Wildflower of the Year: 2007
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-2′; Width at maturity: 12-16″
Light requirement: part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr–Aug
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: 1999
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 4-7′; Width at maturity: 3-4′
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Jun–Sep; Jul–Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: 1997
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-2′; Width at maturity: 6-12″
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Aug-Oct
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1.5-4′; Width at maturity: to 1′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Aug-Oct; Sept-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar, seed/nut producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: 1998
Special notes: Alkaline soil
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-3′; Width at maturity: 1′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Jul-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar, seed/nut producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: 2001
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-2′; Width at maturity: 3-4′
Light requirement: part sun-shade; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr–Jun; Aug–Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-2′; Width at maturity: 12-16″
Light requirement: part sun-shade; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar–May; Apr–Jun
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Seeds readily, goes dormant in the summer
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-3′; Width at maturity: 2′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate,dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Jun-Jul
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2018
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-5′; Width at maturity: 2-3′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate,dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Jul-Sep
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2016
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-4′; Width at maturity: 2-3′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, wet
Flowering / fruit dates: Jul-Aug
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 16-30″; Width at maturity: to 3′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr–Oct; May–Nov
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: 1989
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-4′; Width at maturity: 1-2′
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: moderate,dry
Flowering / fruit dates: May-Aug
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2017
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-3′; Width at maturity: 1′
Light requirement: part shade; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: May-Jul; Jul-Aug
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-3′; Width at maturity: 2′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: May-Jul; Jul-Aug
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 9-12″; Width at maturity: to 1′
Light requirement: part shade-shade; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-May
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2015
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 6″; Width at maturity: to 1′
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-May
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2016
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 6-10″; Width at maturity: 1-2′
Light requirement: part sun-shade; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: May-Jun
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2017
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3-4′; Width at maturity: 2-3′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Jun–Aug; Sep–Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-3′; Width at maturity: 2-3′
Light requirement: sun-part shade; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Jul-Aug; Sep-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-1.5′; Width at maturity: 2-3′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Jun–Aug; Sep–Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-3′; Width at maturity: 12-16″
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Jun-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2016
NC Wildflower of the Year: 1988
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 4-8′; Width at maturity: 3-6′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Jul–Oct; Aug-Nov
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: 1995
Special notes: Spreads rampantly by underground stems
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-2′; Width at maturity: 1′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr–May; May–Jul
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 5-12″; Width at maturity: to 16″
Light requirement: part sun-shade; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar–Apr; Apr–May
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar, berry/fruit producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 12-18″; Width at maturity: to 12″
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate,dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr–Jul
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2016
NC Wildflower of the Year: 2015
Special notes: Short-lived
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 6-20″; Width at maturity: 6-8″
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate,dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar–Jun, May-Jul
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-6′; Width at maturity: 1-3′
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate,wet
Flowering / fruit dates: Aug-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: “Fireworks” is good cultivar
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-4′; Width at maturity: 16-20″
Light requirement: part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Aug-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2017
NC Wildflower of the Year: 2017
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-2′; Width at maturity: 1-1.5′
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: May-Aug
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-3′; Width at maturity: to 3′
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Aug-Oct
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2015
NC Wildflower of the Year: 2000
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-3′; Width at maturity: 12-16″
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Aug-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2016
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 12-18″; Width at maturity: 9-12″
Light requirement: sun-part shade; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Aug-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, nectar, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2017
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3-6′; Width at maturity: 2-3′
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: May–Jun; Jul–Sep
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 5-12″; Width at maturity: 12-18″
Light requirement: part sun-shade; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr–Jun; May–Jun
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: 1986
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 4-8′; Width at maturity: 3-4′
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Jul-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2018
NC Wildflower of the Year: 2004
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-3′; Width at maturity: 12-16″
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet,moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-May; Jun-Jul
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: 2012
Special notes:
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Grasses and Sedges
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3-9′; Width at maturity: 3-5′
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Jul–Oct; Aug–Nov
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-6′; Width at maturity: 1-2′
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Sep–Oct;Oct–Nov
Drought tolerant: ; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-3′; Width at maturity: 2′
Light requirement: sun-part shade; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Sep–Oct; Oct–Nov
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-4′; Width at maturity: 20-30″
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Jun-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: 1994
Special notes: Readily self sows
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-3′; Width at maturity: 16-32″
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: moderate,dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Aug–Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 4-8 ‘; Width at maturity: 2-5’
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Sep-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2015
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-4′; Width at maturity: 6-24″
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: moderate,dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Jun-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2016
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3-7′; Width at maturity: 2-3′
Light requirement: sun; Soil Moisture: moderate,dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Aug-Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing, larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2017
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: yes
Height at maturity: 1′; Width at maturity: 1′
Light requirement: part sun-shade; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: May
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing. larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2′; Width at maturity: 1′-2′
Light requirement: sun-part shade; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: May
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing. larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 3′; Width at maturity: 1-2′
Light requirement: sun-part shade; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: May
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing. larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Forms colonies
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 6-12″; Width at maturity: 6-12″
Light requirement: part sun-shade; Soil Moisture: moderate, wet
Flowering / fruit dates: May
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing. larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Tolerates dry or wet shade
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-2′; Width at maturity: 1-2′
Light requirement: sun-part shade; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: May
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing. larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Tolerates temporary flooding
Evergreen: yes
Height at maturity: 2′; Width at maturity: 1.5-2′
Light requirement: sun-part shade; Soil Moisture: moderate, wet
Flowering / fruit dates: May
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing. larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Can tolerate drier conditions
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 6-12″; Width at maturity: 6-12″
Light requirement: part sun-shade; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: April
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing. larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-3′; Width at maturity: 1-2′
Light requirement: sun-part shade; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: May
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing. larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-3′; Width at maturity: 1-2′
Light requirement: sun-part shade; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: May
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing. larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: yes
Height at maturity: 6-12″; Width at maturity: 6-12″
Light requirement: part sun-shade; Soil Moisture: dry, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: May
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing. larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Lawn alternative
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1′; Width at maturity: 1′
Light requirement: part sun-shade; Soil Moisture: dry, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: May
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing. larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 2-3′; Width at maturity: 1-2′
Light requirement: sun-shade; Soil Moisture: moderate, wet
Flowering / fruit dates: May
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing. larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: yes
Height at maturity: 3′; Width at maturity: 2′
Light requirement: sun-part shade; Soil Moisture: moderate, wet
Flowering / fruit dates: May
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing. larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Tolerates flooding
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 1-3′; Width at maturity: 1-2′
Light requirement: sun-part shade; Soil Moisture: moderate, wet
Flowering / fruit dates: May
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: seed/nut producing. larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Can spread rapidly
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Vines
Evergreen: yes
Height at maturity: 36-50′; Width at maturity: n/a
Light requirement: sun-part shade; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Apr-May; Jul-Aug
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2015
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 6-80′; Width at maturity: n/a
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate,dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Jun–Oct; Sep–Oct
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2015
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 6-12′; Width at maturity: n/a
Light requirement: part shade-shade; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Jul-Aug
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: yes
Height at maturity: 5-20′; Width at maturity: n/a
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-May; Sep-Nov
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 15-30′; Width at maturity: n/a
Light requirement: sun-part shade; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: May-Jun; Aug-Sep
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: larval host
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 4-15′; Width at maturity: n/a
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Mar-Jul; Jul-Sep
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar, berry/fruit producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: 2018
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 4-70′; Width at maturity: n/a
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: May-Jul; Jul-Aug
Drought tolerant: yes; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: no
Height at maturity: 15′; Width at maturity: n/a
Light requirement: sun-part sun; Soil Moisture: moderate, dry
Flowering / fruit dates: Jun–Sep ; Aug–Oct
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: yes
Benefit to Wildlife: nectar, larval host, berry/fruit producing
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes:
Evergreen: yes
Height at maturity: 6-12′; Width at maturity: n/a
Light requirement: sun-part shade; Soil Moisture: wet, moderate
Flowering / fruit dates: Jun–Jul ; Apr–Jun (following year)
Drought tolerant: no; Deer resistant: no
Benefit to Wildlife: berry/fruit producing, nectar
NC Audubon Plant of the Year: no
NC Wildflower of the Year: no
Special notes: Needs male pollinator